These SmartGirl study notes include:

Chemical Bonding (same as grade 11):

• Chemical Bonding

• Molecular Shapes

• Electronegativity & Polar Bonds

• Bond Length & Energy

• Intermolecular Forces

• The Chemistry of Water

Quantitative Chemistry (same as grade 11):

• Balanced chemical equations

• The mole concept

• Molar volume of gases

• Concentration of solutions

• Stoichiometric calculations

Energy Change & Rates of Reactions:

• Exothermic & endothermic reactions (from grade 11)

• Potential Energy profile graphs (from grade 11)

• Activation Energy (from grade 11)

• Factors Affecting rates of reactions

• Measuring rates of reactions

• Catalysts

Chemical Equilibrium:

• Chemical Equilibrium & Chemical Equilibrium factors

• The Equilibrium Constant, Kc

• Application of Equilibrium Principles

• Industry Applications of Equilibrium Principles

Acids & Bases:

• Relative strengths of acids

• Auto-ionisation of water

• Calculating the Concentration of a solution

• Acid, base & Neutral solutions

• Acid base titrations

• Applications of acids & bases

Electrochemistry:

• Redox reactions

• Standard Electrode potentials

• Oxidation & Reduction half reactions & redox reactions

• Galvanic cells

• Current, Potential Difference, Reaction Rate & Equilibrium (includes the application of Le Chatelier’s Principle)

• Redox reactions in a cell

• Applications of galvanic cells

• Electrolytic Cells

• Applications of Electrolytic cell

Organic Chemistry:

• Uniqueness of Carbon

• Structures: functional groups, saturated & unsaturated structures & isomers

• Types of reactions: combustion, addition, substitution & elimination

• IUPAC naming & formulae

• Physical properties & structure

• Esterification

• Cracking