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These SmartGirl study notes include:

Chemical Bonding (same as grade 11):

  • Chemical Bonding
  • Molecular Shapes
  • Electronegativity & Polar Bonds
  • Bond Length & Energy
  • Intermolecular Forces
  • The Chemistry of Water

Quantitative Chemistry (same as grade 11):

  • Balanced chemical equations
  • The mole concept
  • Molar volume of gases
  • Concentration of solutions
  • Stoichiometric calculations

Energy Change & Rates of Reactions:

  • Exothermic & endothermic reactions (from grade 11)
  • Potential Energy profile graphs (from grade 11)
  • Activation Energy (from grade 11)
  • Factors Affecting rates of reactions
  • Measuring rates of reactions
  • Catalysts

Chemical Equilibrium:

  • Chemical Equilibrium & Chemical Equilibrium factors
  • The Equilibrium Constant, Kc
  • Application of Equilibrium Principles
  • Industry Applications of Equilibrium Principles

Acids & Bases:

  • Relative strengths of acids
  • Auto-ionisation of water
  • Calculating the Concentration of a solution
  • Acid, base & Neutral solutions
  • Acid base titrations
  • Applications of acids & bases

Electrochemistry:

  • Redox reactions
  • Standard Electrode potentials
  • Oxidation & Reduction half reactions & redox reactions
  • Galvanic cells
  • Current, Potential Difference, Reaction Rate & Equilibrium (includes the application of Le Chatelier’s Principle)
  • Redox reactions in a cell
  • Applications of galvanic cells
  • Electrolytic Cells
  • Applications of Electrolytic cell

Organic Chemistry:

  • Uniqueness of Carbon
  • Structures: functional groups, saturated & unsaturated structures & isomers
  • Types of reactions: combustion, addition, substitution & elimination
  • IUPAC naming & formulae
  • Physical properties & structure
  • Esterification
  • Cracking

Grade 12 Chemistry

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